Flow curves: shear stress against shear rate

● Newtonian (τ = ηγ̇), ● shear-thinning (τ = Kγ̇ⁿ, n = 0.5), ● shear-thickening (n = 1.5), ● Bingham plastic with a yield stress. The local slope τ/γ̇ is the apparent viscosity.